![]() the most common clefs are treble, bass, alto and tenor some instruments commonly Important productions are notable as much for passion and feeling within considered forms.Ĭlavier: the keyboard of an instrument, or any keyboard instrument with strings.Ĭlef: a symbol at the beginning of a line of music that denotes the pitch of a particular note and thus also the pitches of the notes on all the other lines and spaces. although it characteristics are a concern for order and balance, its most Its major figures were Mozart, Haydn and Beethoven. Scale includes all twelve notes in the octave.Ĭlassicism: a period in music that extended from the middle of the 18th century to the first decade of the 19th. ![]() ![]() The last castrati lived into the 20th century and were recorded.Ĭavatina: a short, usually simple operatic aria, in one or two sections without repetition occasionally, an instrumental piece in a songlike style.Ĭhaconne: a variation form in slow 3/4 time in which a bass pattern is repeated while the parts around it successively change virtually identical to a passacaglia.Ĭhamber music: music of an intimate character in which there is usually one player to a part, each of which is equal in importance to the others, written for from two to ten players, although "chamber symphonies" have been written for small orchestras.Ĭhanson: a French song of simple character, or, in the medieval and renaissance eras, a French art song first developed by the troubadours.Ĭhant: unison singing of sacred texts in free rhythm similar to the rhythm of speech.Ĭharleston: popular 1920's syncopated dance.Ĭhest voice: the lower part of the singing voice,Ĭhoir: a group of singer, usually more than one to a part.Ĭhorale: a hymn, especially a :Lutheran setting of sacred text.Ĭhord: three or more note sounded simultaneously.Ĭhromatic: in tonal music, notes that do not belong to the key in which a piece is written. The virtuosity attained by certain castrati can be gauged by parts of Handel's operas that modern sopranos often find nearly Twentieth-century revivals of the form, most notably by Stravinsky and Webern, have been meditative rather than storytelling.Ĭantus firmus: a preexisting tune, often familiar, used by medieval and Renaissance composers as the basis of a polyphonic composition in which the other parts are invented.Ĭapriccio: a lighthearted, improvisational, usually quick instrumental or orchestral piece.Ĭarol: originally a round dance with singing, later a popular song or hymn celebrating Christmas.Ĭastrato: male singers whose voices were preserved in the soprano or alto range by early castration. Some early examples approach operatic style and may have narratives others, such as Bach's church cantatas, are inventions on chorales. Bach's keyboard work known as the Goldberg Variation, the voices may enter at different pitches and present the tune at different speeds or even backwards or upside down (in inversion).Ĭantata: a vocal work, wither sacred or secular. In more elaborate examples, such as the canons in In simple examples, such as "London Bridge is Falling Down," the successive voices enter at a same pitch and at the same speed. Typically constructed around a simple twelve-bar, three chord pattern on which a vast amount of popular music has been based ever since.īossa nova: Brazilian dance of the 1950's, closely related to the samba.Ĭadence: a sequence of two chords that brings a phrase to an end, with an air of wither finalityĬadenza: originally an improvised decoration of a cadence by a soloist later a more or less elaborate and written-out passage in a aria or concerto to display performance skills by a singer or an instrumentalist.Ĭan-can: a fast, boisterous dance of scandalous repute, characterized by high kicking, which originated in 19th century Paris and was immortalized in Offenbach's opera Orpheus in the Underworld (1858).Ĭanon: a musical form in which a tune in imitated by individual parts at regular intervals known as a round when each part is continuously repeated. Indicating the raising or lowering of a note.Īnalogue sound: method of sound reproduction that imitates the original on electromagnetic tape or disc.īeBop: jazz form of the 1940's and 50's, characterized by fast tempo and complex chord patterns, played by small ensembles with often dizzying instrumental virtuosity.īlues: melancholic, usually guitar-based, modern folk music, originating in the work songs of the black American plantation workers. Look below as we explore the wonders of the musical world.Īccidental: a sign - a sharp, flat, or natural. Tchaikovsky's 1812 Overture but what is a cannon as referred to in musical terms? Well,
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